M. Rifqi Efendi
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
Maimum
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
Rion Nofrianda
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
Elisma
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
Raudatul Jannah
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
Zahriana Putri
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
Mesa S. Rusdi
Department of Pharmacy, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Jambi, Jambi, 36128, Indonesia
Keywords: Mangifera indica L., Kombucha, Antioxidant, SPF, Wound healing
Abstract
Traditionally produced from tea and sugar using a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY), Kombucha is a fermented beverage that has recently been expanded to include variety of plant-based substrates for cosmetic purposes. Mangiferin, tannins, and gallic acid derivatives, which have antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties, are abundant in Mango (Mangifera indica L.) leaves, a byproduct of mango farming. This study investigated the antioxidant, UV-protective potentials, and wound-healing of mango leaf kombucha for cosmeceutical use. The study involved four main stages; mango leaf extraction, fermentation, product standardization, and pharmacological evaluation. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified, and bioactive constituents were identified using UPLC–MS. Total phenolic (29.1 ± 0.09 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (9.14 ± 0.07 mg QE/g) contents were substantially higher in the fermented product than in the infusion (19.6 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g and 7.59 ± 0.03 mg QE/g, respectively). Nineteen bioactive compounds, including xanthones, flavonoids, and benzophenones, were detected. Mango leaf kombucha outperformed the infusion in terms of antioxidant activity (IC50 = 14 µg/mL vs. 24 µg/mL), UV protection (SPF 22.76 ± 0.68), and wound-healing efficacy (98.85% ± 1.34). These results demonstrate the potential of mango leaf kombucha as a natural component in cosmeceutical formulations aimed at photoprotection and skin restoration.
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