Bioactivity of chitosan microparticles loaded with Apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) shoot extract: Emphasis on characterization and in vitro antibacterial properties for acne treatment.

Aqsa Aufa Syauqi Sadana

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Sineba Nafti Rizkite Barly

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Lugas Firdinand Hamdi

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Nurul Azizah Dian Rahmawati

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Araminta Vania Saraswati

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

A’liyatur Rosyidah

Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor 16911, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8427-4364

Muflihatul Muniroh

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0020-6722

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14456/apst.2025.71

Keywords: acne vulgaris Apus bamboo shoots chitosan microparticles spray gel

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is characterized by the production of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts due to pilosebaceous unit expansion and inflammation. The presence of bacteria and accompanying inflammation increase this process even more. This study aimed to assess the anti-acne effects of chitosan microparticles (CMPs) loaded with the methanol extract of Apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) shoots (CMPs/Ab). The morphology of the CMPs/Ab appears to be spherical, with a particle size of 838.9 ± 33.4 nm and a zeta potential of +29.06 ± 1.22 mV, suggesting that the particles are micro-sized and stable. Moreover, the formulation of CMPs/Ab has an encapsulation effectiveness of 46.4 ± 0.91%. The antibacterial property of CMPs/Ab inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria caused by acne vulgaris, with an average inhibition zone of 41.67 ± 1.53 mm, 42.67 ± 2.52 mm, and 22.33 ± 1.53 mm for Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acne, respectively. The CMPs/Abs formulated into anti-acne spray gel showed stable physical features for 28 days. It is a safe and potent anti-acne candidate that can disrupt the membranes of acne-causing bacteria, S. epidermidis, due to their natural composition, reducing the risk of adverse reactions and antibiotic resistance.

How to Cite

Sadana, A. A. S., Barly, S. N. R., Hamdi, L. F., Rahmawati, N. A. D., Saraswati, A. V., Rosyidah, A., & Muniroh, M. (2025). Bioactivity of chitosan microparticles loaded with Apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) shoot extract: Emphasis on characterization and in vitro antibacterial properties for acne treatment. Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 30(05), APST–30. https://doi.org/10.14456/apst.2025.71

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